Hello,
I have the same issue with upgrading from Expo SDK 23 to 24. When I run exp detach on a new blank project created from Expo XDE, I get the following:
[exp] Making sure project is set up correctly...
[exp] Your project looks good!
Validating project manifest...
Skipping iOS because you are not running macOS.
Moving Android project files...
Downloading Android code...
[exp] Can't determine exponent directory
[exp] Set EXPO_DEBUG=true in your env to view the stack trace.
Any help will be appreciated.